Single-chip electron spin resonance detectors operating at 50 GHz, 92 GHz, and 146 GHz

Force detected electron spin resonance at 94 GHz.

Force detected electron spin resonance (FDESR) detects the presence of unpaired electrons in a sample by measuring the change in force on a mechanical resonator as the magnetization of the sample is modulated under magnetic resonance conditions. The magnetization is coupled to the resonator via a magnetic field gradient. It has been used to both detect and image distributions of electron spins,...

Coexistence between fixed service operating in 71-76 GHz, 81-86 GHz and 92-94 GHz bands and passive services

High-power 95 GHz pulsed electron spin resonance spectrometer

High-field/high-frequency electron spin resonance ~ESR! offers improved sensitivity and resolution compared to ESR at conventional fields and frequencies. However, most high-field/high-frequency ESR spectrometers suffer from limited mm-wave power, thereby requiring long mm-wave pulses. This precludes their use when relaxation times are short, e.g., in fluid samples. Low mm-wave power is also a ...

Cryogenic Single Chip Electron Spin Resonance Detectors

Methods based on the electron spin resonance (ESR) phenomenon are used to study paramagnetic systems at temperatures that ranges from 1000 to below 1 K. Commercially available spectrometers achieve spin sensitivities in the order of 1010 spins/ p Hz at room temperature on sample with volumes in the order of few μl. This results can be improved by cooling the system at cryogenic temperatures, wh...

All-printed diode operating at 1.6 GHz.

Printed electronics are considered for wireless electronic tags and sensors within the future Internet-of-things (IoT) concept. As a consequence of the low charge carrier mobility of present printable organic and inorganic semiconductors, the operational frequency of printed rectifiers is not high enough to enable direct communication and powering between mobile phones and printed e-tags. Here,...